Urology
Varicocele
정계정맥류
Dilated pampiniform venous plexus in spermatic cord; 90% left; common cause of male infertility
- How common
- Common
- Typical age
- Variable age
What is it?
Core pathophysiology of Varicocele.
Commonly affected: 음낭 내 정삭 정맥
How it develops
- TriggerTriggering factor for Varicocele
- Local changeSpecific changes in 음낭 내 정삭 정맥
- ManifestationCharacteristic clinical features appear
- CourseCourse depends on treatment
Symptoms
- Characteristic symptomsClassic features of Varicocele
- Voiding/pain/hematuriaVaries by patient
- Systemic symptomsWith progression
How it is examined
- Physical examIdentify affected region
- Urine/blood labsUA, renal function, PSA as appropriate
Imaging
Renal ultrasound or CT urography is standard.
- Lesion-specific imaging findings
MRI or cystoscopy if indicated.
- Adjunctive findings
Non-surgical care
- PharmacotherapyTargeted medications
- Lifestyle/hydration2 L/day fluids, regular voiding
- SurveillanceRegular follow-up
Conservative options are generally tried first. Medications listed here can have side effects — discuss them with your prescriber.
When surgery is considered
Medical failure or complications
Procedures that may be discussed
- Endoscopic procedure
- Surgical treatment
Outlook
Good with appropriate treatment.